This report explores the Architecture of Containment, the design philosophy used in Las Vegas to psychologically and spatially secure patrons within the gambling environment.

Maze vs. Playground

It contrasts the two dominant historical schools of design: Bill Friedman's "Maze" (low ceilings, confusing layouts, focus on machines) and David Kranes's "Playground" (high ceilings, luxury decor, relaxation). Both aim to keep you inside; they just use different methods.

Mechanisms of Disorientation

The study details specific mechanisms of disorientation, including the removal of time cues (clocks, windows), olfactory engineering (scent marketing), and the use of C-major soundscapes to mask losses.

Surveillance and Ceilings

It also analyzes how surveillance infrastructure dictated ceiling heights, evolving from physical catwalks to digital monitoring. The transition to camera systems actually allowed for taller, more dramatic spaces.

The Integrated Resort

Finally, it describes the modern Integrated Resort as the ultimate containment vessel, internalizing streetscapes (e.g., The Venetian's sky ceilings) to create a self-sufficient city that renders the outside world irrelevant.