This report details the technological evolution of Las Vegas casinos, focusing on two pillars: gaming hardware and surveillance infrastructure. The transformation from mechanical devices to digital systems has revolutionized both how games are played and how they're monitored.

Gaming Evolution

Key findings include the transition from mechanical slots to the Telnaes virtual reel mapping system, which enabled massive jackpots by decoupling physical reels from mathematical probabilities. A machine could now have millions of possible outcomes.

The TITO Revolution

The report analyzes the logistical revolution of Ticket-In, Ticket-Out (TITO) systems, which digitized cash flow and eliminated the need for coin handlers. Slot floors became cleaner, faster, and more efficient.

Surveillance Transformation

In surveillance, the study traces the shift from physical catwalks (where observers literally watched through one-way mirrors in the ceiling) to NORA (Non-Obvious Relationship Awareness) software and RFID chip tracking.

The Data Revolution

Modern casinos leverage biometric data and algorithmic analysis to ensure game integrity and optimize revenue, illustrating how casinos have become sophisticated data operations as much as entertainment venues.